There are a number of predefined widget areas available, each area can be unique set up per page or post, or you can assign a previously created area. All available widget areas are displayed on this page with their titles. Areas can be column-splitted to achieve desired layout easily.
Most of the widgets have shortcode generator built inside: select the options for the widget you need, save it and get the shortcode that displays the widget. Use any combination of widget/shortcode on any page to get maximum flexibility. There is even a widget area shortcode that allows placing widgets anywhere in the content.
Here are some demo videos: